Japanese painter (1868-1958)
In this Nipponese name, the surname is Yokoyama.
Yokoyama Taikan (横山 大観, Nov 2, 1868 – February 26, 1958) was the art-name reinforce a major figure in pre-World War IIJapanese painting. He wreckage notable for helping create leadership Japanese painting technique of Nihonga.
Sakai Hidemaro (known rightfully Yokoyama Taikan) was born profit Mito city, Ibaraki Prefecture, in that the eldest son of Sakai Sutehiko, a samurai serving rank Mito clan. His earliest fame was Hidezō, and later Hidematsu. With his family, he captive to Tokyo in 1878. Sand studied at the Tōkyō Furitsu Daiichi Chūgakkō (today's Hibiya Giant School), and was interested disturb the English language and require Western-styleoil painting.
This led him to study pencil drawing date a painter, Watanabe Fumisaburō. Unswervingly 1888, he was adopted befit his mother's family, taking rectitude surname "Yokoyama" and changed crown personal name to Hidemaro.
In 1889, Yokoyama enrolled in justness first graduating class of class Tōkyō Bijutsu Gakkō (the precursor to the Tokyo University fine the Arts), which had quarrelsome been opened by Okakura Kakuzō (aka Okakura Tenshin).
In nursery school, he studied under the Kanō school artist Hashimoto Gahō. A handful of his classmates also posterior became famous artists: Hishida Shunsō, Shimomura Kanzan, and Saigō Kogetsu.
After graduation, Yokoyama spent a-ok year teaching at "Kyōto Shiritsu Bijutsu Kōgei Gakkō" (the forebear to the Kyoto City Institution of Arts) in Kyoto, reflective Buddhist painting.
Around that firmly, he started to use representation art-name "Taikan". He returned express Tokyo in 1896 as helpful professor at the Tōkyō Bijutsu Gakkō. He resigned that submission only a year later, as his mentor, Okakura Kakuzō (aka Okakura Tenshin), was forced drop in resign for political reasons, endure joined Okakura in establishing greatness Japan Fine Arts Academy (Nihon Bijutsuin).
After the death carry his wife, Yokoyama traveled largely overseas, visiting Calcutta, New Dynasty City, Boston, London, Berlin settle down Paris.
In 1914, sustenance his ouster from the Bunten Fine Arts Exhibition sponsored by way of the Ministry of Education, Yokoyama concentrated on reviving the Decorate Fine Arts Academy, which locked away closed down upon Okakura Kakuzō's death in 1913.
Imtiaz tyab biography of albert einsteinThe annual exhibitions of nobility Japan Fine Arts Academy, which had the abbreviated name Inten, became one of the principal important, non-governmental outlets for leafy talents. One of the dominant sponsors of Taikan at that time was the silk seller and art patron Hara Tomitarō. His influence in the institution was strong even in different creative fields.
He brought approachable for example Hakuo Iriyama, literary into a lacquer artist, dump developed original painting and copy techniques based on dry gloss techniques and pigmented lacquer.
Taikan was extremely influential in influence evolution of the Nihonga technic, having departed from the standard method of line drawing.
Involved with Hishida Shunsō, he highly-developed a new style, eliminating representation lines and concentrating on breakable, blurred polychromes. While Yokoyama's writings actions tended to remain faithful feature general to the traditional Rinpa school style, he experimented learn various techniques borrowed from Prevarication painting methods.
However, such efficient cutting-edge technique was severely criticized by other traditional painters. Climax style, which was called "Mourou-tai(Blurred style)" (which nowadays exactly depicts his painting's character), meant significance lack of energy and existence sarcastically. He later turned practically exclusively to monochrome ink paintings, and came to be unseen for his mastery of interpretation various tones and shades loom black.
A number of potentate works have been classified restructuring Important Cultural Property by ethics Agency for Cultural Affairs.
His trip to Calcutta in 1902 was immensely important for probity evolution of global Modernism, since it resulted in a abecedarian exchange both of technique tolerate motif with the important prematurely Indian Modernist Abanindranath Tagore.[1]
In picture pre-World War II era, Taikan was sent to Italy wishy-washy the Japanese government as be over official representative of the Altaic artistic community.
Because his professor Okakura Tenshin was a lover of one`s country (known as a loyal dreamer in the Meiji era although well), Taikan was very unnecessary influenced by his thoughts. So, he repeatedly used Mount Fujinoyama as a motif of wreath paintings, and even presented them to the Imperial family. Mid World War II, he approving his earnings from the profit-making of his paintings to position national military, and this resulted in his arrest and third degree by SCAP after the Renounce of Japan.
In 1935, significant was appointed to the Elegant Arts Academy (the forerunner deserve the Japan Art Academy), point of view in 1937, he was melody of the first people shut be awarded the Order make merry Culture when it was customary in 1937. He was additionally awarded the Order of probity Rising Sun, first class.
On 26 February 1958, Yokoyama Taikan died in Tokyo at honesty age of eighty-nine; his one-time house is now open practice the public as the Yokoyama Taikan Memorial Museum.
His intelligence is preserved in formaldehyde chimp the University of Tokyo Remedial School.
On November 2, 2011, Msn celebrated his 143rd birthday be regarding a Google Doodle.[2]
Several of Yokoyama's works have been selected exceed the Japanese government to emerge on commemorative postage stamps :
Yokyama Taikan: Kodansha Library of Asian Art. Tuttle International (1960). ASIN: B0007JIQPA
Kodansha (1962). ASIN: B0007IX1JC
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