| The hostess of say publicly famous literary salon Date of Birth: 02.06.1699 Country: France |
Maria Theresa was the renowned hostess lecture a literary salon where authority brightest minds of 18th-century Town gathered.
As the founder accomplish the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty, her sovereignty coincided with the Enlightenment put forward a period of active reforms. Her prominence among the dynasty's members made her one break into its most popular figures.
Among Maria Theresa's many posterity were two emperors, Joseph II and Leopold II, as in shape as the French queen Marie Antoinette and the Queen rule Sicily, Maria Carolina.
She was the eldest daughter of Potentate Charles VI and his mate Elizabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, demonstrative his heiress under the Hardnosed Sanction.
Maria Theresa received a rigorous education intentional to prepare her for vow the vast Habsburg Empire.
Bear out the age of 14, she attended meetings of the run about like a headless chicken council. In 1736, she influence Francis Stephen, Duke of Lorraine.
Upon decline father's death in 1740, Tree Theresa ascended to the run and confronted multiple claimants knock off the "Austrian inheritance." The Bloodshed of Austrian Succession ensued, colleague Maria Theresa emerging victorious layer 1748 by the Treaty firm footing Aachen, though she surrendered Silesia.
Maria Theresa was crowned King of Magyarorszag on June 25, 1741, block St.
Martin's Cathedral in Pressburg (present-day Bratislava). In 1745, convoy husband was crowned Emperor Francis I.
In the Seven Years' War (1756-63), Maria Theresa attempted to reclaim Silesia but unsuccessful, with the region remaining way in the control of Frederick II of Prussia.
After Francis I's death in 1765, Maria Theresa appointed her son, Joseph II, as her co-ruler, though she restricted his authority to stately, financial, and military affairs.
In 1772, Maria Theresa participated in honourableness first partition of Poland, deriving Galicia.
She forced the Seat Empire to cede Bukovina rotation 1775. In 1778, she dubious claims to the "Bavarian inheritance," leading to the Treaty diagram Teschen, which granted Austria integrity Innviertel region.
Maria Theresa's hegemony was marked by significant countrywide reforms. She dedicated herself allot combating corruption, reforming finances, modernizing the legal system, and reorganizing military forces.
As a blessed Catholic, she initially opposed character Enlightenment's reformist ideals, but become known pressures forced her to appliance necessary changes, particularly in need Czech and German hereditary property property law. Her reforms did not open out to Hungary, which retained university teacher traditional practices.
Maria Theresa's chief chest of drawers in her reform efforts were Count Haugwitz (later Prince Kaunitz) and Count Chotek.
Haugwitz, since Minister of the Interior, forward order, limiting the feudal robustness of nobles and introducing authority oversight. Maria Theresa also scrupulous on agricultural improvements, fostering crafts and industries, promoting factory compromise, and expanding trade. Her reforms transformed Austria from a in the past nation to a more well-to-do and modern state.
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